Background of the Study
Hospital waste management is a critical component of public health, as improper handling and disposal of medical waste can lead to severe health and environmental risks. Medical waste includes hazardous materials such as sharps, infectious waste, and chemical substances that require specialized disposal methods to prevent contamination (WHO, 2024). In Bauchi State, rapid population growth and increased healthcare activities have led to a rise in hospital waste generation, posing challenges to effective waste management.
Studies have shown that poor hospital waste management contributes to public health risks such as the spread of infectious diseases, water pollution, and environmental degradation (Ali & Ibrahim, 2023). This study explores the impact of hospital waste management practices on public health in Bauchi State, assessing existing methods and identifying areas for improvement.
Statement of the Problem
Improper hospital waste management remains a significant public health concern in Bauchi State. Many healthcare facilities lack adequate waste segregation, treatment, and disposal systems, leading to the exposure of healthcare workers, patients, and the general public to hazardous materials (Yakubu & Musa, 2024). Despite existing regulations, enforcement and compliance remain low, exacerbating health and environmental risks.
This study investigates the relationship between hospital waste management practices and public health outcomes, offering evidence-based recommendations for effective waste management.
Objectives of the Study
1. To evaluate the current hospital waste management practices in healthcare facilities in Bauchi State.
2. To assess the impact of hospital waste management on public health.
3. To propose strategies for improving hospital waste management in Bauchi State.
Research Questions
1. What are the current hospital waste management practices in healthcare facilities in Bauchi State?
2. How does hospital waste management impact public health in Bauchi State?
3. What strategies can improve hospital waste management in Bauchi State?
Research Hypotheses
1. H₀: Current hospital waste management practices do not significantly impact public health.
2. H₀: Hospital waste management practices have no significant effect on environmental health outcomes.
3. H₀: Proposed strategies do not significantly improve hospital waste management in Bauchi State.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study focuses on healthcare facilities in Bauchi State, analyzing their waste management practices and associated public health implications. Limitations include the availability of reliable data and variability in waste management practices across facilities.
Definitions of Terms
Hospital Waste Management: The processes involved in handling, treating, and disposing of waste generated by healthcare facilities.
Public Health: The health and well-being of populations, as influenced by environmental and social factors.
Hazardous Waste: Waste materials that pose a significant risk to health or the environment.
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